Islamic Banking System. Case of Malaysia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Islamic Banking System. Case of Malaysia - Essay Example Similar to conventional banking, Islamic banks also collect the additional savings of people and then those savings are extended to those needy sectors of economy. In past, few researches have been developed to find out the relationship between the interest rate increase and funds flow from Islamic banking. This paper analyses the relationship between deposit returns of Islamic and conventional banks with an alternative econometric technique involving Units Root Test to estimate the presence of stationarity and Granger Causality test to estimate the linkage between the deposit returns of the two banking systems. The basic objective of this study is to find out the impact of the change in return deposits of one banking system on to the other. Thus, this study assists the policy makers in determining the role of Islamic banking in the overall economic, fiscal and monetary environment of the country. Introduction The purpose to conduct this study is to examine the level of substitutabil ity in the depository returns under Islamic and conventional banking system. This study comprises on the comparison of the data relating depository returns between the Islamic banking system and the conventional banking system which includes commercial, merchant banks and other financial institutions. Malaysia is considered as a case study in which both Islamic and conventional systems are aimed to be operated on parallel basis by the monetary authorities. In 1983, the first ever Islamic bank that was established in Malaysia was Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad (BIMB). The Islamic banks truly started competition with their conventional counterparts in 1993 when Islamic banking scheme (IMS) was introduced by the Government of Malaysia. This scheme permits the conventional banks to introduce and participate in the products and services initially designed by Islamic banks. By the end of 2002, Total Islamic banking deposits were 10.20% of the country’s total deposits. Since Malaysian f inancial system is under the sole control of Central Bank of Malaysia, therefore the evidence that there are relationships between TDRs of Islamic and conventional banks and the monetary policy is argued under this study. In case if the there is no substitutability between the rates of depositing and financing in both Islamic and conventional banking systems, then relatively lesser restrictive effects of monetary policy can be observed in this regard. For instance, interest rates are used as a tool by the Central banks to adjust the money supply flowing in the economy. Interest rates are increased or decreased to tighten or loosen the flow of money circulating in the economy respectively. The same phenomenon cannot be established in the Islamic banking system as the depositors are not offered a fixed rate of deposit returns. There is a likelihood that if the required rate of deposit returns on Islamic banking products is not ensured to at least the amount of that conventional bankin g products, the depositors of Islamic banks would switch to other financial instruments of the conventional banks because of fact that the Islamic banking products would be of little use for the monetary purposes. Literature Review The individual saving behaviours are mainly explained by the interest rates offered in the economy as one of the key considerations. The interest rate offerings are considered as a key element because different banks offer different rates of depository returns on varying schemes of deposits. Interest rates are determined mainly because of the concept of time value of money. The longer the time that deposits takes in maturity, the higher will be the yield required by the depositors. For examples, the

Research Methods Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Methods - Research Proposal Example It finally identifies an ideal model for the presentation of this data to various stakeholders to ensure that they give their economic and social support for the regeneration of Dundee’s Central Waterfront area to a world-class city. The research ends with the description of deliverables that must be presented by Dundee’s Central Waterfront to various stakeholder groups. Keywords: Dundee City, Dundee Central Waterfront, Investors, Stakeholders, Competitive City Introduction Dundee City is embarking on a project to expand Dundee’s city centre down to the Central Waterfront Area (Dundee Waterfront Vision). The Dundee Waterfront area encompasses four main sections of the city of Dundee located near they Tay Riverside (Dundee Waterfront Business Current Project)This project is to create a new iron grid system reminiscent to the connections made by the Romans in the city over 1,500 years ago. It also seeks to improve numerous facilities in the city and also go further to regenerate various elements of the city to place it in the category of other competitive European and Global cities (Dundee City Official Website). The project started in 2001 and is expected to end in the year 2031. Currently, there is the need for investors to sink capital into the various projects to create the background for future development of the city. Also, there is the need to attract and promote the city positively before its stakeholders, particularly present and future residents. Research Objectives McMillan & Weyers (2010) states that every academically recognised research project must have a set of clearly defined objectives that the research will be based upon. The purpose of this research are to: 1. Create the definitive platform for the critical analysis of stakeholders to the Central Waterfront Area development project at this present point in time. 2. Identify optimum uses of sites for investors, settlers and stakeholders 3. The description of the data collec tion methods to be used for the collection of preliminary data for the project 4. The identification of investor and other stakeholder presentation model Literature Review Bryman, (2008) states that for an academic research work to have the relevant credibility and acceptability in the world of academia, there is the need for the researchers to review analyse and present groundbreaking definitions, models and system through secondary literature. First of all, the literature review of this research will be based on the elements and features of a competitive city. From preliminary analysis, the paper should focus on the sector approach, institutional approach and conditions for settlement defined by Sako & Murie, (2010) to lay out the potential and optimum land use type that the presentations to stakeholders must dwell upon. The sector approach involves the zoning of city centres being regenerated optimally between creative industries and knowledge intense industries. The creative ind ustries include arts, media, entertainment, creative business services, publishing, advertising and designing. This will ensure that the city will be promoted in other places where consumers will use these patents that are produced in the city in question. Knowledge

Utilitarian Consequentialist Viewpoint in Human Cloning

Utilitarian Consequentialist Viewpoint in Human Cloning Introduction Human cloning has been a contentious subject marked with heated debate. However, most people seem to incline to the position that human cloning at the present time is unethical for a number of reasons including the likelihood of harm to participants and the safety of techniques used. An action is considered ethical if it portrays a commitment to honor other. This is the focus of the utilitarian consequentialist position, to maximize others overall good, as well as, the good of ones self. From a utilitarian consequentialist viewpoint, human cloning is considered unethical. This paper is an evaluation of the utilitarian consequentialist viewpoint concerning the issue of human cloning. Human Cloning To those in favor of human cloning, their arguments often revolve around the idea of addressing reproduction; however, such arguments tend to focus on the narrow benefits involved (Caplan, 2014). This does not mean that such arguments lack merit; some arguments in favor of human cloning in some way uphold the most meaningful and deepest shared societal values. In anticipation of human cloning, proponents have raised possible benefits including avoiding the risk of genetic diseases, allow couples of the same sex to have children, a solution to infertility, replace lost children or spouses and replication of talent. On the other hand, opponents have their own reasons revolving on the ethics of the technological application. For example, violation of the convention moral norms experimenting on humans, potential harm on cloned individuals and the effect of the technology on the relationship between generations (Devolder, 2013). However, both sides concur on the need to reflection on the social and ethical implication of human cloning. Utilitarian Consequentialist Viewpoint and Evaluation Utilitarian consequentialism is founded on the idea that an action is evaluated in terms of pleasure and pain in causes; utilitarianism attempt to weigh the two options in arriving at a moral decision that yields the least pain and most happiness. Concerning the issue of human cloning, a utilitarian consequentialist would weigh the pleasure and pain produced by the technology (Petrillo, 2014). Nevertheless, it does not mean that because human cloning may result in overall happiness for a greater majority, it is ethically accepted. It is true that human cloning has a number of potential positive benefits as mention earlier; however, it also has its own negative aspect. From a utilitarian consequentialist viewpoint, after weighing the perceived pleasure and potential pains, human cloning should not be permitted as it would result in more pain to the cloned individuals and the society since the clones will exist as copies or spare part of the existing humans. The utilitarian consequentialist viewpoint in human cloning holds some water and is arguable to be valid because allowing human cloning will be like setting the foundation for capacities that can alter humans at the genetic level. It is evident from previous human actions that actions of this nature have had a significant effect on the human genetic pool (Kuhse, Schuklenk Singer, 2015). For example, the treatment of diabetes using insulin has prolonged the lives of individuals with diabetes that would have died before reproducing and thus has contributed to an increase in diabetes gene in the population genetic pool. Engagement in human cloning without reflecting on the potentially serious and unanticipated consequence would be a great mistake in the human history. Given the importance of what is a stake, the scientist should be modest in attempting to alter human procreation and life, particularly when there is no compelling reason. Alongside the many potential negative consequence s to the society and the cloned individuals, this justifies utilitarian consequentialist viewpoint in human cloning. Conclusion Though it may not be possible to know the long-term consequences of human cloning, the utilitarian consequentialist viewpoint holds that human cloning should not be permitted as it would result in more pain to cloned individuals and the society. The proponents and opponents of human cloning seem to concur on the need to reflect on the social and ethical implication of human cloning, thus pointing to the justification of the utilitarian consequentialist viewpoint in human cloning. References Caplan, A. (2014). Raymond Waggoner Lectures-Arthur Caplan, What is Wrong With Human Cloning?: The Ethics of Technological Reproduction, 1998. Devolder, K. (2013). Were it physically safe, reproductive human cloning would be acceptable Kuhse, H., Schuklenk, U., Singer, P. (2015). Bioethics: an anthology(Vol. 40). John Wiley Sons. Petrillo, S. (2014). Moral Theories and Cloning in Kazuo Ishiguros Never Let Me Go. Berkeley Undergraduate Journal, 27(1).

Reaction Paper: Was Marx Wrong? -- essays research papers

Karl Marx was an influential character of history, a man of tremendous intelligence as well as a great inspiration to many philosphers and people past and present. Karl Marx was a man of action for the less fortunate class, in that sense his theories are not wrong, to a certain extent they are positve inquisitions. It is those whom have practiced Marx theories that have misinterpreted his works giving Karl Marx a negative demeanor. Specifically Lenin and Stalin are two leaders who have brought shame to the works of Karl Marx and make this philospher seem like a barbarian. " Marx is a humanitarian because he took the side of the working class."-Overstreet Marx is considered a humanitarian because he was in favor of the non exploitation of the lowest class. His main concern was for the individual in society, Karl Marx's studies yield that he wanted the individuals of civilation to live fulfilled lives. In Karl Marx's economic policies he states that " The workers labor power is a commodity." This holds truth, a workers labor is very valuable, like goods that are sold by a merchant. His labor is not to be taken advantage of because he is an individual fending for a living to survive. Marx states in his teachings that because workers are such a commodity to society that a laborer should not be undermined or exploited, such as the slaves...

Analysis Essay of Aria by Richard Rodriguez

NOUR BAHRI EN1111 Academic Writing M. Antoniadou 29th October2012 Analysis essay of â€Å"Aria† by Richard Rodriguez (2nd draft) This essay, titled â€Å"Aria†, originally published in 2008, is an autobiographic essay of the author’s childhood, Richard Rodriguez’. In his essay, Richard is against bilingual educators, who think that children in their first years of school should be educated in their native language. According to him this education system is wrong, won’t be beneficial, therefore children should be educated in the same language as the public one.Rodriguez’s main point is to strongly encourage children of immigrant parents to adopt English, the â€Å"public language† as their main language in order to become assimilated in the â€Å"public society† and have a better future. Ricardo describes his childhood as a child of Mexican immigrant parents studying in an English school in America, where he had problems in commu nicating at school because he did not know the â€Å"public language†, English.At first, he was shy and timid at school because he was feeling uncomfortable with English, but with his parents’ and teacher’s help he â€Å"raised his hand to volunteer an answer†, from that day he â€Å"moved very far from the disadvantaged child†(288). He then started feeling as an American citizen. Although Rodriguez admits that he lost the strong intimacy at home with his parents, he emphasizes that the â€Å"loss implies the gain†(291). Rodriguez supports his argument against bilingual education by using mainly the contrast technique in order for the readers to become more sensitive to his topic and argumentRichard’s entire essay is based on the contrast between â€Å"the loss† in private and â€Å"the gain† in public. By presenting those two opposed extremes, readers become more sensitive to his argument as his essay becomes more reali stic. In the part of the private loss, Ricardo faces problems at home, since he came to believe that he was an American citizen, â€Å"at least†(288). So the past refers to before Richard believes that he was an American citizen at the age of 7. Ricardo uses frequently the negation arks in order to support that they remained a loving family, but one greatly changed, â€Å"No longer so close: no longer bound†, â€Å"neither my older brother nor sister†, â€Å"Nor did I† this last in a separate sentence to accentuate his position and the negation (288). He contrasts this new situation with the one they had in the past where â€Å"after dinner each night, the family gathered†(287). Readers feel that in the past family bonds and ties were stronger and the house was full of joy and laughs, â€Å"everyone laughed†(287).Thereby, Richard used â€Å"we† (â€Å"we played†) as for him and his family that has a stronger meaning and connota tion since they where feeling closer, as a whole. But also, in the past Richard was impatient to go back home, where he could actually speak the language, now he says, â€Å"gone was the desperate, urgent, intense feeling of being at home† (288). Furthermore, after this feeling of closeness diminished, â€Å"silence† started taking place in the house as Richard explains that â€Å"as we children learned more and more English, we shared fewer and fewer words with our parents† (288).So in the past, children were more comfortable in speaking Spanish with their parents and spoke a language, which the parents actually understand and respond with ease, the house was full of â€Å"language of home†(286). By speaking English so much, a gap between Richard and his parents grew. After this process of Americanization, â€Å"the silence at home, however, was finally more than a literal silence†(289). He uses a lot words in relation to the ear and hearing as â €Å"sounds† â€Å"listen†, â€Å"listening†, â€Å"heard† and â€Å"speaking†(289).Furthermore, Spanish started becoming unfamiliar to him and English, which is the â€Å"public language† became his â€Å"primary language†. In the past he used to call his parents â€Å"mama and papa†, and now that English is his primary language he calls them â€Å"mother† and â€Å"father† (289). At the end of his essay Richard said that his â€Å"childhood started to end† the day he took the decision that his wants to feel like an American citizen.Richard, most probably, associates the word childhood with his past, before he came to believe that he was an American citizen; a past where he had strong bonds with his parents, the feeling of security and other that they are his parents, Spanish united them. However, as he became less confident with his private identity, he started becoming increasingly confident of his new pu blic identity because the belief that he belonged in public had taken hold. Richard presents in his essay the other side of the â€Å"game†, of learning English and feeling as an American citizen because as he said â€Å"the loss implies the gain†(291).By the gain he means the gain in public, public identity. An important dramatic event occurred, it is the one that resulted in a big change in Richard’s life. And this was the day Richard raised his hand in class to volunteer an answer. This event brought him a lot forward, as he was no longer feeling as a disadvantaged child. Moreover, as Richard began to hear more and more English, â€Å"the high, troubling sounds of los gringos† became unnoticeable to him; he was â€Å"no longer an alien in gringo society†(288). Whereas before he came to believe he was an American citizen, â€Å"los gringos† had a bad connotation, full of â€Å"bitterness or distrust† (288).Rodriguez became more conf ident of himself in speaking English, and he finally heard words, not just sounds. Richard insists in the difference between â€Å"sound and words† (which in the past sounds were helping him in understanding the situation) (288). He came to realize that â€Å"sound and word were tightly wedded† after his Americanization (288). He has also contrasting feelings; he was often â€Å"bemused† and always â€Å"relieved† to realize how â€Å"silent, though crowded with words† his day in public had been (288). Richard means that, since he was feeling more comfortable with English, the words were more powerful and meaningful.Before the dramatic event, English was a â€Å"foreign language† to him, he felt like a â€Å"stranger† to it (287). Becoming more familiar with English helped Richard to achieve many things. He began doing well in school, he made friends and he was feeling more comfortable talking to people in public. Assimilating to the American culture helped Richard feel more at ease among the other American students. So we understand that the â€Å"public identity† he achieved was a great success to him (288). Finally Richard at the end of his essay, make things more clear, and the contrast is still visible.He responds to bilingual educators, who have to distinguish between â€Å"private individuality† and â€Å"public individuality†. While â€Å"becoming assimilated into public society, such assimilation makes possible the achievement of public individuality†(290). Richard points out that â€Å"in public, by contrast, full individuality is achieved†(290). So according to him, the public gain is really important and that is why in his essay the â€Å"gain† is stressed more than the â€Å"loss†. To conclude, in his autobiographic essay, Richard successfully used the contrast technique in order to give a full image of his argument and be more convincing.There was a deep intimacy with his family and the painful feeling of public alienation. However, as he grew up and with his Americanization, this became only the past; meaning that there were no longer good bonds in the family and in public he gained an identity and individuality. Rodriguez offers a contrasting truth: while our heritage and culture may remain forever tied to our native language, the only way we can truly become a part of our community and fit in is to dominate the current spoken language. Word count: 1280 Work Citation: Rodriguez, Richard. The Norton Reader;2008, ww Norton Company,

Manchester United: Brand of Hope and Glory Essay

Identify who you believe to be Manchester United’s key stakeholders and evaluate their influence in relation to the ethical stance taken by the company. Ethical stance defined by Johnson and Scholes as: ‘the extent to which an organisation will exceed it minimum obligations to stakeholders and society at large.’Four possible ethical stances exist and are stereotypes for any organisation. The first ethical stance is short-term shareholder interests; a company who stick very close to laws and regulations which are in place. They give and do only what they are obliged to, this usually causes problems with long-term financial decisions. The second stance is longer-term shareholder interests – a company who are very focused on building and maintaining reputation in relation to its financial success. They take into consideration all stakeholders and how they can effect the organisation in the future. The third stance is multiple stakeholder obligations – relating to a company taking wide consultation with all stakeholders. This is a very slow process and not a good stance for a fast moving and growing company. The last stance is shaper of society – companies who focus on communities and want to build them up; this stance puts the financial interest second and is usually related to charitable organisations. Manchester United matches the second stance – Longer-term shareholder interests. They are focused on building reputation using players, clothing, technology, media and many other ways to promote their team and brand. They are known globally using strong marketing methods and this has greatly aided their financial goals. As a global organisation they have a number of stakeholders, each of these can be categorised into the amount of power and interest they have, using stakeholder mapping. This model is called the Power/Interest matrix (shown below) and indicates the type of relationships held or should be held between stakeholders and the organisation. INSERT DIAGRAM AS DISCUSSED ABOVEManchester United’s stakeholders can be considered as the following:†¢Managers†¢Owners/shareholders†¢Employees†¢Customers†¢Suppliers†¢Partners/Sponsors†¢Players †¢Supporters†¢Community groups†¢Investors†¢Media †¢GovernmentsStakeholders within segment A are of very little power and interest, Manchester United can keep these stakeholders informed but are not of high importance. Segment B contains stakeholders of high interest yet low power. They will need to be kept informed and also to a certain degree, need to be kept interested in the teams actions. Segment C contains stakeholders who have high power and low interest, they are at times content with what is going on but like to be kept informed, at any time these stakeholders can make a drastic change and merge with Segment D. Segment D are the key players who need to be of high importance to Manchester United, they need to be well informed and satisfied at all times. They will have very strong pulls on decisions and changes being made. Each stakeholder has individual expectations of the club and a certain degree of power. Not all stakeholders will have power or interest in the team, but they do fit into the Matrix appropriately. I will look at each stakeholder individually and stated where and why they below in the segment they are placed. Taking into appreciation that the ethical stance, which Manchester United is seen to have, (Longer-term shareholder interests) it’s easier to place each stakeholder within the matrix. Manchester United work on building a positive and well known reputation and in turn this builds their financial frontier. Manager’s this includes managers on the football pitch and in stores selling team merchandise. They may have high power within their own domain but within the wider view of the matrix they can have low power and high interest. This places them in segment B. Their interest will be related to performance in their particular areas. The main reason for this interest could be related to promotion and salary. Owners and shareholders have high interest and high power as they are the main source for profit, falling into segment D. Without the shareholders there would be very low financial statuses and they would not be able to fund their reputation. They have high power in making final decisions and are most important to influence, when looking at corporate governance. Employees can have very low power and at times low interest in reputation and management. At this stage they would be categorised as segment A. Generally the employees who would fall into this segment would be those who consider the job as a way to pay their bills. They have no real value in the job; if they didn’t work for Manchester United then they would work elsewhere. Football players as employees of the organisation have high power and interest depending on their famous status. For example in the case study David Beckham would have been placed in segment D as he is a landmark player wanted by almost every football team imaginable. He can use this to his advantage influencing decisions and other stakeholders to his way of thinking. Investors, Suppliers and community groups are seen, to be kept informed but have little if no power (segment B). Investors in particular want to know if their investment will produce a return, so at times they are not interested in using power or having much interest. Suppliers have little power as the team have a strong demand from others wanting to supply their needs. Just by them being linked to Manchester United makes them more desirable to other  companies. Customers and Supporters are one of the team’s main sources of revenue; most will pay ridiculous amounts for season passes to games home/away and will spend more on memorabilia. They have a high interest in their team and as a result of this they have high power (segment D). Manchester United knows if they make a change that customers and supporters wouldn’t support that it’s not a positive alteration to be made. Partners and sponsors want to be kept informed of the team’s progress and financial status as they are linked to the reputation of the team. Such partners and sponsors of Manchester United are Vodafone, Nike, Budweiser, Air Asia, Audi and AIG. These companies are related to Manchester United for marketing and financial reasons. They all have high power and high interest. They want them to promote their products in a good light and on a global scale, and they use the team to do so. If they see the team facing a downfall they can remove themselves and choose another team to promote. This gives them a very high power over the team and influence over decisions (Segment D)The media are highly important stakeholders to keep interested and informed at all times. Media are there to inform all stakeholders about the good and bad even though this can be manipulated at times. This results in the team keeping them very satisfied and informed at the same time (segment D). After taking into consideration all key stakeholders it’s clear to see, who have the strongest power and or interest, in relation to the ethical stance of Manchester United. Each stakeholder will have their own reasons for using their power and interest and it’s highly important for Manchester United to make sure these stakeholders are kept informed and satisfied with the way the team is managed in all areas of their ethical stance. The stakeholder mapping is can change at any time and needs to be kept in close consideration before and after alterations. Q2. Critically evaluate how the key cultural characteristics of Manchester United (including values, beliefs and taken for granted assumptions) may  have changed from pre -1990 until today. What are the implications of these changes for current and future strategies?After extensive research of Manchester United it’s clear to see a big change in their cultural characteristics from the day they began playing football, to this present day. The team began in 1878 as a group of workers from Lancashire and Yorkshire railways and they began to play for local leagues and competitions. In 1902 they became an independent organisation called Newton Heath F.C. Looking at the organisations culture past and present it can be broken down into four layers, shown below:INSERT DIAGRAM AS DISCUSSED ABOVEThis breaks the organisation the Paradigm, Behaviours, Beliefs and Values; looking at each Manchester United has changed dramatically over time. The early years seen values and beliefs built on players and local communities, concentrating on the game itself and building a reputation for winning against local rivalries. At this time their only taken-for-granted assumptions were that they could win games and not worry about finance resulting in them almost going bankrupt. From the beginning it’s apparent they loved the game itself and were clearly not financial focused. Brian Oliver commented in a newspaper article online saying â€Å"Before 1990 there was no such thing as a sports supplement, it was just about the game and the fans. It was just strong relationship between fans, their families and the players†. This comment proves the team were focused on less material objects; they were there to entertain and have fun. Their determination was proven after a number of set backs, such as one presented in the case study – The Munich plane crash. This had a huge impact on performance, but they showed they were strong-minded about the game and keeping it alive. Using the Strategy Lenses theory of Design, Experience and Ideas it’s apparent at this stage the lenses most concentrated on where ideas and  design. This was by becoming an independent team and designing the kit and colours which were then modified year’s later. Looking at the culture web of Manchester United we see a representation of the taken-for-granted assumptions of the organisation and the physical side of their culture (diagram below), this concentrates on the two inner layers of the four layer diagram previously mentioned. Come 1990 the whole culture of Manchester United changed, they became very focused on the financial side of the game. A real Madrid spokesperson commented â€Å"football clubs are marketing brands, not teams†¦it’s no longer a case of doing well on the pitch; the more merchandise you sell, the better.† Manchester United began to focus on building a global reputation through players, such as David Beckham; so to build a brand. Over the years less and less players from the local communities where being brought on the team and today most players on the team are not from England. The team no longer focused on building the local communities and their young players. As stated in the case study ‘Manchester United is now marketed as the national team – which has taken it away from the roots and its local community. Football should be a love affair otherwise you are just a business. The big clubs have forgotten their roots and are isolating themselves.’ Also comments of concern regarding the local schools and junior football teams being the next generation of players were being forgotten by the big teams. This information is related to the stories section of the culture web and shows just how the culture has moved form being relaxed to being very fast pace. The symbol of the team is their kit and logo which can be found anywhere, from online to in your local stores. From 1990 on this symbol has become one of the most recognisable symbols globally. The power structures have changed from being the team players to becoming the stakeholders which in question one fall into the Matrix in section D. These stakeholders have power over the organisation and the way they are run and how their reputation is perceived. The Organisational structure is a typical hierarchy and uses a formal structure of command. The control systems in Manchester United are focused on finance and go by a corporate governance structure. This is monitors by a number of agents and involves presenting each stakeholder with the correct information at all times in regards to shares, profits and expenditures. The ritual and routines of Manchester United before 1990 were focused on the players and the game itself, making it a family orientated sport. After 1990 the game was about raising revenue and building the best football reputation. This is well illustrated in the case study, by stating the financial figures and share prices and how they have risen. The future of the team as the case study shows, ‘plans are well advanced in new-media technology, principally the internet and mobile telephone potential.’ They have previously advanced in the service industry by using BSkyB to launch their own satellite channel (MUTV), they have produced a premiere movie, provide banking facilities, introduced sports and leisure facilities along with a clothing brand to match, opened a cafà ©, allow weddings on their own Old Trafford grounds and launched an official website. Outside of the case study the future of Manchester united looks positive, with player transfers and progressing into new markets. In conclusion the cultural characteristics of Manchester United have changed over the years has changed dramatically and in relation to the industry it has evolved very fast. They are a club who works on building a high reputation and keeping it superior to all other clubs who are seen as their rivalries. This was the main focus in the beginning of the organisation but in a different light compared to today, as discussed previously. Their future is aimed towards staying with the ideas and design culture and as for experience it seems to be held on the pitch! References BooksJohnson, G. Scholes, K (2004). Exploring Strategy Change. 2nd ed. England: Pearson Education Limited. Pgs136-138. Johnson, G. Scholes, K. Whittington, R (2005). Exploring Corporate Strategy. 7th ed. England: Pearson Education Limited. Pgs56-57, Pgs164-170, Pgs179-211. Lynch, R (2006). Corporate Strategy. 4th ed. England: Pearson Education Limited. Pg5, Pgs416-423. WebsitesMind Tools Ltd. (2007). The Cultural Web: Aligning your organization’s culture with strategy. Available: http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newSTR_90.htm. Last accessed 22 November 2007. Unknown. (2007). Stake holder mapping: Aligning your organization’s culture with strategy. Available: http://www.12manage.com/methods_stakeholder_mapping.html. Last accessed 12 November 2007. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. (2007). Manchester United F.C. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manchester_United_F.C. Last accessed 11 November 2007. Unknown. (2007). Manchester United football. Available: http://www.manchesteronline.co.uk/manchester/united/. Last accessed 13 November 2007. Electronic report/articlesPeter Berlin. (1997). Survivors of ’58 Plane Crash Recall a Special Team: Manchester’s Darkest Loss. Available: http://www.iht.com/articles/1997/05/29/soccer.t_17.php. Last accessed 13 November 2007. Hamil, S. Holt, M. Michie, J. Oughton, C. Shailer, L. (2004). The corporate governance of professional football clubs. The corporate governance of professional football clubs. 4 (2), Pgs44-51.

Two brands of nihilism

Two brands of nihilism As philosopher and poet Nietzsche's work is not easily conformable to thetraditional schools of thought within philosophy. However, an unmistakable concern withthe role of religion and values penetrates much of his work. Contrary to the traditionbefore him, Nietzsche launches vicious diatribes against Christianity and the dualisticphilosophies he finds essentially life denying. Despite his early tutelage under the influenceof Schopenhauer's philosophy, Nietzsche later philosophy indicates a refusal to castexistence as embroiled in pessimism but, instead, as that which should be affirmed, even inthe face of bad fortune. This essay will study in further detail Nietzsche view ofSchopenhauer and Christianity as essentially nihilistic.NihilismThroughout his work Nietzsche makes extensive use of the term "nihilism". Intexts from the tradition prior to Nietzsche, the term connotes a necessary connectionbetween atheism and the subsequent disbelief in values. It was held the atheist regardedt he moral norms of society as merely conventional, without any justification by rationalFrom left to right: Plato, Aristotle, Thomas Aquin...argument. Furthermore, without a divine authority prohibiting any immoral conduct, allappeals to morality by authority become hollow. By the atheists reckoning then, all actsare permissible.With Nietzsche's appearance on the scene, however, arrives the most potentarguments denying the necessary link between atheism and nihilism. It will bedemonstrated that Nietzsche, in fact, will argue it is in the appeal to divine proscriptionsthat the most virulent nihilism will attain.There is a second sense of nihilism that appears as an outgrowth of the first thatNietzsche appeals to in his critique of values. It contends that not only does an active,pious, acknowledgment of a divinity foster nihilism, but also, the disingenuous worship ofa deity that has been replaced in the life man by science, too, breeds a passive...

Liberal Feminism

Liberal Feminism One of Four Feminisms In 1983, Alison Jaggar published Feminist Politics and Human Nature where she defined four theories related to feminism: liberal feminism, Marxism, radical feminism, and socialist feminism. Her analysis was not completely new; the varieties of feminism had begun to differentiate as early as the 1960s. Jaggars contribution was in clarifying, extending and solidifying the various definitions, which are still often used today. Goals of Liberal Feminism What she described as liberal feminism is theory and work that focuses more on issues like equality in the workplace, in education, in political rights. Where liberal feminism looks at issues in the private sphere, it tends to be regarding equality: how does that private life impede or enhance public equality. Thus, liberal feminists also tend to support marriage as an equal partnership, and more male involvement in child care.  Abortion and other reproductive rights  have to do with control of ones life choices and autonomy. Ending domestic violence and sexual harassment have to do with removing obstacles to women achieving on an equal level with men. Liberal feminisms primary goal is gender equality in the public sphere, equal access to education, equal pay, ending job sex segregation, better working conditions, won primarily through legal changes. Private sphere issues are of concern mainly as they influence or impede equality in the public sphere. Gaining access to and being paid and promoted equally in traditionally male-dominated occupations is an important goal. What do women want? Liberal feminism answers: mostly, what men want: to get an education, to make a decent living, to provide for ones family. Means and Methods Liberal feminism tends to rely on the state and political rights to gain equality to see the state as the protector of individual rights. Liberal feminism, for example, supports affirmative action legislation requiring employers and educational institutions to make special attempts to include women in the pool of applicants, on the assumption that past and current discrimination may simply overlook many qualified women applicants. The Equal Rights Amendment was a key goal for many years of liberal feminists, from the original womens suffrage proponents who moved to advocate a federal equality amendment, too many of the feminists of the 1960s and 1970s in organizations including the National Organization for Women. The text of the Equal Rights Amendment, as passed by Congress and sent to the states in the 1970s, is classical liberal feminism: Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex.While not denying that there may be biologically-based differences between men and women, liberal feminism cannot see that these are adequate justification for inequality, such as the wage gap between men and women. Critics Critics of liberal feminism point to a lack of critique of basic gender relationships, a focus on state action which links womens interests to those of the powerful, a lack of class or race analysis, and a lack of analysis of ways in which women are different from men. Critics often accuse liberal feminism of judging women and their success by male standards. White feminism is a kind of liberal feminism which assumes that the issues facing white women are the issues all women face, and that unity around liberal feminist goals is more important than racial equality and other such goals.  Intersectionality was a theory developed in criticism of liberal feminisms common blindspot on race. In more recent years, liberal feminism has sometimes been conflated with a kind of libertarian feminism, sometimes called equity feminism or individual feminism. Individual feminism often opposes legislative or state action, preferring to emphasize developing the skills and abilities of women to compete better in the world as it is. This feminism opposes laws that give either men or women advantages and privileges. Bibliography: Alison M. Jaggar. Feminist Politics and Human Nature.Drucilla Cornell. At the Heart of Freedom: Feminism, Sex, and Equality.Josephine Donovan. Feminist Theory: The Intellectual Traditions of American Feminism.Elizabeth Fox-Genovese. Feminism Without Illusions: A Critique of Individualism.Betty Friedan. The Feminine Mystique.Catharine MacKinnon. Toward a Feminist Theory of the State.John Stuart Mill. The Subjection of Women.Mary Wollstonecraft. A Vindication of the Rights of Woman.

The 7 Fundamental Gemini Traits, Explained

The 7 Fundamental Gemini Traits, Explained SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Gemini traits are more varied than those of other astrological signs. While most signs have one very prominent trait (for example, Capricorns are notoriously ambitious), Geminis, those born between May 21 and June 21,can be social, talkative, and whimsical, but they can also be indecisive or nosy. Some Geminis love to be the center of attention; others love to gossip. They’re typically passionate yet easy-going beings who are always down for an adventure or intellectual conversation. If you hang out with a Gemini, only one thing’s certain: you’ll never be bored. What Do You Want to Know About Geminis? Gemini Personality Gemini Strengths Gemini Weaknesses Gemini Man Vs. Gemini Woman Personality Gemini in Love Gemini with Family and Friends Gemini in Business Gemini Compatibility Advice for Gemini Advice for Relating to a Gemini Gemini Personality: 7 Key Gemini Traits The Gemini personality is very fun, but, like everysign, Geminis have weaknesses. Their strengths are that they’re adaptable, outgoing, and intelligent- there's never a dull moment with a Gemini. However, their weaknesses are that they'reindecisive, impulsive, unreliable, and nosy- be careful telling a Gemini your deepest darkest secrets. For more details on Gemini traits, check out this definitive guide to the sign. Gemini Strengths 1. Adaptable Geminis are easy-going and adjustable.They’re willing to try anything at least once, so do not play truth or dare with them, you’re going to lose.They’ll be happy to go along with any plan and will likely plan some fun adventures. Your craziest stories will involve your Gemini friends. They’re also very flexible and able to change on a dime.Spoiled plans won’t ruin their day; they’ll just think of something better to do. Make sure to enlist your Gemini friend's help planning parties since they'll often come up with the best ideas. 2. Outgoing Geminis are typically enthusiastic, social beings.They’re the life of the party - talkative, but not annoyingly chatty.They always have something interesting to say.They’re never just having a boring conversation about the weather; they’re usually partaking in deep conversations about life. Geminis make great wingmen or wingwomen because they easily strike up conversations with strangers. Be careful, though, they might outshine you! 3. Intelligent The reason Geminis always have interesting things to say is thatthey’re highly intelligent.They’re inquisitive, so they love to learn.You’ll often find Geminis with a book in their hands. (Definitely ask your Gemini friends forbook recommendations.) They’re also clever and love to partake in witty banter.So think carefully before trying to debate a Gemini; you'll probably lose. Geminis are bookworms. Gemini Weaknesses 4. Indecisive Due to their intelligence, Geminis can be overly analytical which can lead to indecisiveness. Don't ask your Gemini friends to pick a dinner spot or Netflix movie; they'll agonize for hours over what to choose.They can also be anxious or nervous about making decisions, especially big decisions like moving or changing careers.Dating Geminis can be difficult because they struggle with commitment.I’ll explain this more in the Gemini in love section below. 5. Impulsive The flipside of the adaptability of Geminis is that they can be a little impulsive.Because they’re so flexible, they can change their minds in a heartbeat.This traitcan lead them to make reckless decisions and can cause them to do superficial things. Geminis can be tempted to buy an expensive leather jacket for fun when they’re struggling to pay their rent.If you’re a Gemini, be careful when wielding a credit card! Their impulsiveness can also make it hard for them to accomplish their goals.Geminis can lose focus or interest in their tasks and move on to something else. 6. Unreliable Due to their impulsiveness and inability to commit, Geminis can be flighty.If you make plans with a Gemini, beware; they might cancel on you at the last second. They aren’t mean-spirited; they’re just a little irresponsible.Geminis try to avoid responsibility andboring activities at all cost.Don’t count on them to help you pack or help you move, but count them in for a fun night out. 7. Nosy The flipside of Geminis'intelligence and curiosity is that they can be nosy. Theywant to know everything about everyone.It can be excitingwhen theyencourage you to shareyour deepest secrets or when they're giving you the lowdown on everyone else, butbe careful before telling your dirty little secrets to a Gemini- you never know who they might tell them to. Geminis can sometimes act randomly. Gemini Man Vs. Gemini Woman Personality Gemini men and women share the Gemini traitsabove but exhibit them in different ways. Gemini men tend to be very outgoing, almost to a fault. They’re very enthusiastic, which makes them fun to be around, but they also want to be the center of attention, so hanging out with them at parties can get old. If you really want to get to know them, you should spend time with them one on one. Gemini men are also huge flirts, so if you're dating a Gemini man, maybe don't introduce him to your hot friends. Gemini women are very passionate about life but are very hesitant when it comes to love.Due to their intelligence and indecisiveness, Gemini women agonize about the important decisions in their life. If you're dating a Gemini woman, be patient with her; it may take her longer to commit to a serious relationship. However, Gemini women are very witty and outgoing; you’ll always have fun spending time with a Gemini woman. Gemini in Love As I said, Geminis are always down to try anything once, which makes them very adventurous lovers.If you're looking for the perfect fling, pick a Gemini. They’re extremely passionate and fun, which makes them exciting mates. They'll plan romantic getaways and take you on adventures. However, due to their indecisiveness, they can be scared or wary of commitment. If you’re dating a Gemini, be careful; you might get your heart broken. The best thing you can do to keep a Gemini is to communicate.Geminis want honest and open communication in relationships. Don't try to keep any secrets from a Gemini. Geminis typically have a number of different partners before finding the right one to settle down with. Geminis need someone who is a match for their intellect and who is willing to have fun.When Geminis find the right partner, they’re extremely faithful. Gemini With Friends and Family As very social beings, Geminis tend to spend a lot of time with their friends and family. In their friendships, Geminis are looking for good communication. Geminis tend to lose touch with long distance friends if there is a lack of communication. Geminis want to have deep conversations but also wantto gossip with their friends. Geminis also wantto have fun with their friends.Geminis can be flaky, especially if the planned activity is boring, so don't count on them to help you study or do your taxes. They may not be themost reliable friends. However, you’re always going to have a good time when you hang out- Geminis plan the most fun activities.The best nights of your life will be spent with your Gemini friends. Family means a lot to Geminis, but it can sometimes be a burden to them.Family responsibility can get in the way of their desire to be spontaneous. Geminis would much rather go out with their friends than babysit their cousin. Nonethless, Geminis want loyalty and good communication in their relationships with family. Theytend to be best friends with their siblings because loyalty and understanding arepre-built into the sibling dynamic. Gemini in Business Geminis tend to make good artists, writers, and journalists due to their inquisitive nature, adaptability, and outspokenness.Geminis always bring innovative thinking and passion to their work. Geminis love to uncover interesting stories and tellinteresting stories. Some famous Gemini artists include Kanye West and Morgan Freeman. All of the aboveGemini traits also make them great salespeople. Geminis have great communication and are great at witty banter which makes it easy for them to win people over. This also makes Geminis great managers.Their enthusiasm inspires their subordinates, and their intelligence gains the respect of other employees. Due to their impulsiveness, Geminis arenot great at working on long-term projects because they eventually lose interest. Geminis are not very good accountants or bankers.Geminis work best when they’re able to jump from project to project, so they don’t lose interest. Find the person who will love you as much as this polar bear loves the other. Gemini Compatibility: Best Romantic Matches The three best matches for the Gemini characteristics are Libra, Aries, and Aquarius. Libra and Gemini are a perfect match.They’re equals in terms of intelligence and outgoingness, and they share a common interest in art and culture.Both love to have a good time.They’re both adventurous in bed, so the connection will always sizzle.They both have strong communication, so it’ll be a strong relationship. Aries and Gemini make for a match full of excitement since both signs are very outgoing and enthusiastic.An Aries will love a Gemini’s zest for life. They’re bound to have lots of adventures together.An Aries is a natural born leader, which is nicely complemented by a Gemini’s intelligence.They’ll love to learn together. An Aquarius and Gemini will have fun being spontaneous together- they both love surprises.Aquarius and Gemini are both very independent, so they may want time apart from one another. However, both thrive on strong communications which will ensure a good foundation for the relationship.They’ll be friends as well as lovers. Worst Matches for Gemini Romantic Compatibility The three worst Gemini compatibility matches are Pisces, Virgo, and Scorpio. A Pisces is typically very sensitive, so they do not pair well with the unreliability of a Gemini.A Pisces will be hurt when plans get canceled because the adventure-seeking Gemini made better ones.This relationship will be full of deep rooted resentment and has little chance of harmony.A Pisces is simply too emotional for a Gemini. While both Virgos and Geminis are extremely intelligent, they’ll get on each other's nerves.Virgos are meticulous in their study, which will bore a Gemini.Virgos, who love precision, will hate the flexibility and unreliability of a Gemini.They’ll likely drive the Gemini away by over criticizing them. Scorpios as introverts clash with outgoing Geminis.Scorpios, who tend to be intense and serious, will find Geminis to be superficial.The two are essentially opposites, and while opposites can occasionally attract, it’s unlikely for this duo. For more details on your best and worst matches, check outThe Secret Language of Relationships, which includes a detailed breakdown of how you'll relate to any other person in your life, andThe Astrology of You and Me, which offers tips for using star charts to understand improve your relationships. Advice for Gemini If you’re a Gemini, what should you do with all of this information?Well, you should start by thinking about which Gemini traits apply to you specifically;not all of the above Gemini traits will apply to every Gemini. Figure out your specific strengths and weaknesses. If you're adaptable, use that strength to your advantage. Explore unknown territory in your life trusting that you'll be able to figure out what to do. Fight for a promotion or change career paths: you're flexibleand intelligent, so you'll succeed. Are you outgoing? If so, go out with your friends, and meet new people. You never know what good might come from striking up a conversation with a stranger: you could meet the love of your life or get yourself a job. Are you always told how cleveryou are? If yes, then embrace it: dive into reading more or try to learn a new skill. Make yourself indispensable at work; figure out what needs to be done and how to do it, and then do it. You're smart enough to do anything. Think you might be indecisive? Try to work on your decision-making skills. If you're struggling to make a decision, consider making a quick list of the pros and cons. If the pros outweigh the cons, then do it! If the cons outweigh the pros, you might want to consider another option. Are you a bit impulsive? Find yourself spending too much money?Try to create a spending budget for yourself. Tabulate your total necessary monthly expenses: food, rent, gas, etc. Then, figure out how much beyond that you feel comfortable allocating for fun money (i.e. shopping, going out to eat, etc.). Force yourself to stick to that budget! Do your friends sometimes call you unreliable? Do you cancel plans often or show up late all the time?You tend to be unreliable because you want to find something better to do.Rather than thinking about the reasons a task or activity is boring, try to find the excitement in everything.If you focus on the positives, you’ll be more likely to stay focused and interested. Think you might be nosy? Find yourself stalking people on Facebook all day long? Love gossiping about other people? While you may want to know your friend's secrets, she won't trust you unless you're willing to tell her your own. Be conscious about what questions you ask. Ask yourself would I be comfortable answering this question? If the answer is no, don't ask it! Finally, check out The Little Book ofSelf-Care for Gemini for advice on self-care as a Gemini, so you can keep exploring and learning. Advice for Relating to a Gemini If you’re having trouble connecting to a Gemini (whether in a relationship or at work), you should try to make things more fun or interesting.For example, if you’re dating a Gemini, make dates â€Å"surprises.†Don’t tell your partner what you’re doing or where you’re going.It doesn’t cost you anything but will make the date more exciting for your Gemini lover.If you’re trying to connect to a Gemini at work, try to bond with one over a drink after work.They’re more likely to open up in a fun, social environment than in the sterile office breakroom. Still having trouble connecting to a Gemini? If making things more fun didn't work, try connecting on an intellectual level. Strike up a conversation about a book, article, or movie you liked; Geminis love to have deep discussions. Don't take it personally when a Gemini bails on plans. Remember the Gemini traits: Geminis can be flaky and unreliable. They're not trying to hurt your feelings. If you're dating a Gemini, be extra patient with them when it comes to commitment. Geminis struggle to commit due to their flakiness, but Geminis are extremely loyal when they find the right partner. Remember to always communicate honestly with a Gemini; they're more likely to stick around if you tell them how you're feeling.

The Economies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Economies - Essay Example Through the 20th century, Sweden progressed into a contemporary welfare condition. This was made feasible by a positive economic and political progress within the Nordic countries. Ever since the late 19th century, the Nordic lands urbanized from agrarian societies towards a completely industrialized societies. Matching with economic improvement, self-governing institutions and parliamentarism were initiated. Due to the idleness in WWI, Sweden grasped the advantage of the boost in foreign demands which was caused by the warfare. As a result of its documentation-high tax degrees and a remarkably huge public sect, Sweden has been broadly considered as the embodiment of the postwar wellbeing state. During the launch of the 1980's they loaned additional money, and then they imported excessively than they exported. Advanced education is being offered at no cost. This was sustained by the Conservative/Liberal Government which came in command during 1976. Every one of public childcare is co-educational. The jobless were presented with significant positions by the State. On the whole, the Swedish welfare situation remains exceptionally openhanded. Sweden had been more righteous rather than other countries similar to Germany and US as a result of an export boosting depreciation on the Krona during 1931. Sweden has coordinated its economic procedures with those of the EU, which it coupled at the beginning of 1995. Few Swedish economists have declared that Sweden's welfare condition has had grave unfavorable outcome on the country's economic development. This then had become the reason for profoundly increased taxes. We have learned that in Sweden the government has increased the fraction of salaries provided for income tax to sustain the universality of social services, where in due course, this did not really do well towards the citizens, but merely impedes them, and demonstrates them that they do not ever actually have to confront the responsibilities that go together with adulthood. For just about sixty years the Swedish economy has been gazed at and respected for its lofty level of comfort. Four out of ten employees were engaged by the administration, personnel who were being absent for work were excessive, low down productivity was then being encountered inside the export businesses, vacations along with other allowance settlement were very expensive, economic drop was sinking the base tax where the social agenda are required to pay for also the government shortage was escalating. As a result, citizens, who prefer to sit at home all day, even if they are completely capable of having a fine job, takes in similar benefits as those who are working outside their house. They had a scheme identified as cradle-to-grave welfare scheme, and it guarantees employment to almost every citizen. Ultimately, when the administration tried to lessen, the government expenditure Swedes was not capable to cope with their new offered sovereignty, and naturally, towering unemployment turned out to be one of numerous problems that this country has. Brazil happens to be the biggest country in population as well as in its size of South America. This country is a federative republic along with a government very

Marketing strategies of Apple Inc Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Marketing strategies of Apple Inc - Term Paper Example It's products and services include Macintosh (Mac) computers, iPhone, iPad, iPod, Apple TV, Xserve, a portfolio of consumer and professional software applications, the Mac OS X and iOS operating systems, third-party digital content and applications through the iTunes Store, and a range of accessory, service and support offerings† (Corporate Information, 2011, p. 1) With the rich legacy and tradition that has revolutionized computer technology of the 20th century, Apple Inc. has been revered by contemporary organizations as an icon of global technology. In this regard, the current research aims to proffer pertinent information that highlights the marketing strategies employed and implemented by Apple Inc. in its journey towards exemplary performance and financial success. Products Apple’s products are categorized into personal computers (PCs), to operating systems (OS), peripherals and the latest non-PC product lines (iPod, iPhone, among others). A quick view of the offic ial website’s product images and information classify their offers as: iPad and iPhone; Mac; iPod and iTunes; and iCloud; with specified retail stores for these products (Apple Inc., 2011). The slump in the technology industry, particularly in terms of trends in personal computers in the 2000s shifted Apple’s focus in the digital technology market that enabled them to recover from financial distress. The innovative strategy of designing iPhone was another instrumental investment that paid off for Apple. Having capitalized on the increasing proliferation of mobile phones, the technology of uniting the features offered in iPod to mobile technology attained the object to reinventing the phone to what emerged as the iPhone. As advertised in their website: â€Å"iPhone 4 features a durable glass design, the remarkably high-resolution Retina display, FaceTime video calling, a 5-megapixel camera with HDR capability, and HD video recording. It’s the biggest thing to ha ppen to iPhone since iPhone† (Apple Inc., 2011). Marketing Strategies The success of Apple Inc. has been attributed to their expertise and competitive advantage of knowing their products and scanning for opportunities in their external environment. As revealed by Vertygo Team (2011), â€Å"Apple has been so successful in these last years thanks to the fresh, imaginative way to think and do its business: a winning combination of exceptional products, great style and design, great strategy, innovative marketing, sleek and enticing communications† (par. 1). Apart from these, Apple’s competitive advantages could be summed as follows: (1) possesses strong corporate position and image as a pioneer manufacturer and marketing of easy-to-use computer for a wide range of customers; (2) positioned itself as an established manufacturer of high quality products: (3) exhibited exemplary competence in both hardware and software applications; (4) invested considerably and strate gically in research and development paving the way for the discovery of new product designs deemed to be more versatile than competitors and creation of innovative applications; (5) possesses the ability to employ strong leaders with vast professional experiences; (6) offered products packaged in strategic designs to focus on the products’

ETHICAL CHOICES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ETHICAL CHOICES - Essay Example Individuals may develop morality as they grow and learn responsible acts within their particular environments or may be taught by their superiors on what entails morality and how to behave morally within the given environment. Morality has immense significance to the particular society, community or organization that sets the moral norms. To begin with, morality as an obligation has seen the development of interpersonal and societal respect among members of various societies. It is through morality that societies and individuals have managed to uphold religious doctrines and ideologies that have defined such societies for ages. Morality has also ensured that people promote positive ethical values that have seen eradication and abolition of corruptive activities to support sustained institutional development and accountability. Aspects of morality have also humbled individual members of given societies and institutions to an extent that each person acts in the best way possible to ensure maximum security of the others. In addition, morality has played great role in ensuring sustained peace in the given societies or institutions. Morality has helped in the reconciliation of antagonizing societies and groups to help in constructing harmonious coexistence. Furthermore, entities of morality assisted in the development of responsible members of the society who live to satisfy their role within the given societies. Essentially, it is worth noting that morality entails all the sufficient instruments to direct and define wholly created and caring human beings. It is morality that will help shape individuals’ characters and beliefs about certain aspects of life within the given society. Morality has to override any other normative systems. Generally, morality is rather a bigger entity when compared to any form of normative or descriptive systems that define and dictate human odes of conducts. Making of any

Unit 4 Group Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unit 4 Group Project - Essay Example The top priority goes to factors like availability of career opportunities, nature of climatic conditions, status of crime rates, cost of living, educational, healthcare, transportation and entertainment facilities etc. These days, people are much conscious of the environmental concerns also and, therefore, like to live in cities that are pollution free. If one analyses the conditions in the city of San Diego from these perspectives it will come to fore that this wonderful city not only fulfills most of the conditions that make it a good dwelling option, but also has several other features that enhances it livability. Economic aspect is the first consideration for a person before taking a decision about the city he or she chooses to live in. People usually perceive economic stability as the criteria towards a better way of life. Therefore, a city that offers ample career opportunities will attract people who are talented, and they in turn will contribute to its progress. San Diego’s status as a blend of prospering industries like biotechnology, biosciences, computer and electronics, wireless cellular, submarine and shipbuilding, financial business etc make it a hot favorite of skilled workforce. This aspect enhances its acceptance as one of the most livable cities in the US. Next basic consideration for a person while choosing a city to live in is the educational avenues available there. In this context, San Diego features the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), which offers high quality education with state of the art technological support. Apart from this, there are several other accredited schools and colleges, including law schools and museums. Located in beautiful Balboa Park, the Museum of San Diego History presents the colorful and diverse history of the region, interpreting San Diegos growth since the 1840s. (Museum

Anything related to Security systems, police, prosecutors, courts, Scholarship Essay

Anything related to Security systems, police, prosecutors, courts, correction, and juvenile justice - Scholarship Essay Example Critics, however, often point to research that indicates the assurance of results of punishment in deterrence, rather than its severity (Simpson, 1976). Criminal behavior in the youths or the juveniles is a relentless and invasive problem in the society of United States of America. Crimes by the juveniles comprise of about 42% of the individuals arrested for major crimes, including burglary, murder and rape with an increased rate of juvenile incarceration that reflects that of the adults.   The youths comprise a predominantly disadvantage sector of the population in America which has greatly been neglected by the society and the written law and eventually creating a social and economic costs implications to the economy of America.   The core sources of juvenile delinquency need an immediate addressing, funds should be availed, mechanisms of effective rehabilitation should be devised and these programs provided to the severely underserved youth population (Hinton et.al 2007).   Ã‚      Many crimes are committed by the minorities and the crimes incline more to the people of low incomes compared to the same case with the wealthy individuals. With the high rate of poverty and unemployment, insufficient family and neighborhood support has resulted to juveniles opting for crimes to attain means of survival. Time spend in the prisons just accounts for the credibility in the streets of US instead of segregating the youths from their society (Fox, 1996). The juvenile justice system in US has responded to legislative decisions that have made a shift from an emphasis on rehabilitation, to a more punitive focus, characterized by stricter laws and harsher punishments. During the Progressive Era back in 1860s, a separate juvenile justice system was established in US that emphasized on rehabilitating specific needs of the individual youth. However, cases of juvenile crime became rampant over time and in 1980s

Courts are independent Agrents of social Change Essay

Courts are independent Agrents of social Change - Essay Example There are many sides of the argument when it comes to evaluating the importance of courts as justice institutions. For instance, in as much as they promote justice, equality, and the principles of social justice, there are occasional instances when the established institutions can be taken as being biased. The following discourse is going to delve into the position that the institutions play in social justice. In particular, the analysis seeks to identify whether the courts are systems that bring change as they are supposed to. As legal institutions, courts have been serving their purpose in established and just societies as the setups for offering justice. In addressing the topic under discussion, the paper takes the position that courts are free and independent platforms for introducing change. In addressing the importance of courts in contemporary societies, the discussion is going to refer to the opinions of other authors. For instance, Rahl’s book on democracy is quite relevant in addressing the social justice system amongst humans (1993). In normal democratic systems like in the United States, the system of justice is organised into hierarchies. In the case of America, the ultimate decision when it comes to legal judgements or decisions lies with the Supreme Court. Rahl argues that the court is an institution that should be used to protect the interest of the minorities (1993). This is because the majority can be favoured by established institution policies. In the case of bringing change, courts have been used to protect the interest of the majority. However, this view is also arguable. Change is normally brought through policy formulation. This is normally the jurisdiction of the legislature. However, courts act as legal advisers when it comes to having an interpretation of the constitution. Therefore, even in the interpretation of the constitution, the courts play a role in policy making.

Anything related to Security systems, police, prosecutors, courts, Scholarship Essay

Anything related to Security systems, police, prosecutors, courts, correction, and juvenile justice - Scholarship Essay Example Critics, however, often point to research that indicates the assurance of results of punishment in deterrence, rather than its severity (Simpson, 1976). Criminal behavior in the youths or the juveniles is a relentless and invasive problem in the society of United States of America. Crimes by the juveniles comprise of about 42% of the individuals arrested for major crimes, including burglary, murder and rape with an increased rate of juvenile incarceration that reflects that of the adults.   The youths comprise a predominantly disadvantage sector of the population in America which has greatly been neglected by the society and the written law and eventually creating a social and economic costs implications to the economy of America.   The core sources of juvenile delinquency need an immediate addressing, funds should be availed, mechanisms of effective rehabilitation should be devised and these programs provided to the severely underserved youth population (Hinton et.al 2007).   Ã‚      Many crimes are committed by the minorities and the crimes incline more to the people of low incomes compared to the same case with the wealthy individuals. With the high rate of poverty and unemployment, insufficient family and neighborhood support has resulted to juveniles opting for crimes to attain means of survival. Time spend in the prisons just accounts for the credibility in the streets of US instead of segregating the youths from their society (Fox, 1996). The juvenile justice system in US has responded to legislative decisions that have made a shift from an emphasis on rehabilitation, to a more punitive focus, characterized by stricter laws and harsher punishments. During the Progressive Era back in 1860s, a separate juvenile justice system was established in US that emphasized on rehabilitating specific needs of the individual youth. However, cases of juvenile crime became rampant over time and in 1980s

Evaluating Compliance Strategies Essay Example for Free

Evaluating Compliance Strategies Essay The compliance process is very important in medical billing and coding. After a patient is seen, physicians document the patients visit. Medical administrators then post the medical codes of the visit in the practice management program (PMP) and prepare the claim. It is important to prepare claims correctly in order to stay in compliance. A correct claim connects a billed service to a diagnosis. The diagnosis has to relate to the billed service to treat the patients ailment. The connection is referred to as code linkage. It is important to correctly link procedures and diagnosis because if they arent correctly link the payer will reject the claim and will not pay for the services which then makes the patient responsible for payment. To be in compliance, medical insurance specialists need to know each payers billing rules stated in each insurance policy. These are subject to change and updated frequently so medical insurance specialists also use payer bulletins, websites, and maintain communication with payer representatives to make sure they are staying in compliance. Medicare also has its own set of rules and regulations. The Medicare National correct coding initiative (CCI) controls improper coding. CCI edits are used by computers to check claims for errors that would lead to improper payment of services. The CCI prevents two procedures from being billed that could not have been performed together. Private payers also have code edits similar to the CCI. Compliance errors sometimes occur. Submitting an improper claim may just be a simple mistake such as a typo, or sometimes it may be a deliberate act of fraud. Other common errors that are sometimes made are truncated coding, incorrect gender or age of the patient, assumption coding, altering documentation, coding without proper documentation, reporting services provided by unlicensed providers, and coding a unilateral service twice instead of choosing the bilateral code. For these reasons there are several billing and coding compliance strategies that have been put in place. One compliance strategy used by healthcare professionals is to carefully define bundled code and know global periods. A medical insurance specialist needs to be clear on what individual procedures are contained in bundled codes and what the global periods are for surgical procedures. Another strategy is to benchmark the practices E/M codes with national average. By comparing the practice reports with national averages, upcoding is able to be monitored. Another strategy is to use modifiers appropriately, and be clear on professional courtesy and discounts to uninsured and low income patients. The strategy that I find the most useful and am in support of is to maintain compliant job reference aids and documentation templates. Job reference aids are a form of a cheat sheet that lists procedures and CPT codes that are most often used by each individual practice. I think that the only way this strategy can be improved is to make sure that the job reference aids are updated frequently when new services are added to the practice, and when codes change or new ones are added. This can be accomplished by keeping track of when codes are updated or changed. There are many implications of incorrect medical coding. An improper claim will get rejected or denied by the payer. When this happens the physician will need to either file an appeal, or correct the issue. If the error can be corrected the claim can be resubmitted, however this is still unfortunate because the process will take longer than if it had been done right in the first place. When coding errors are made due to fraudulent attempts, the person who prepared the claim will lose their job and face legal action. Also, sometimes the physician in charge of the practice will be liable and possibly sued, because he/she is responsible for their employees and their actions. Medical coding, physician, and payer fees are all related to the compliance process. Any services performed by a physician will need to be correctly coded so that they can be paid for. Medical coding must be done properly in order to stay in compliance. Physicians must be honest and provide proper documentation of any and all services performed in order for an insurance company to accept a claim and pay for the services that were performed. As long as everyone works as a team, and works in honesty, it is easy to stay in compliance. And by using the strategies I have outlined, compliance is not difficult to follow.

The Current Marketing Strategies Of British Airways

The Current Marketing Strategies Of British Airways From the period 1990 to the current age, the aviation industry has been one of the most booming sectors. Worldwide increase in GDP created a wave in the economy. The demand to travel resulted in the growth of the airline industry. During the year 2000 the airline industry suffered one of its most tragic phases regarding to the growth of the industry. This happen mainly due to the problems faced by the world, for instance the terrorist attacks on the world trade centre and the deadly virus named SARS which claimed a lot of lives in south east Asia. Many travelers reduced their travel and preferred avoiding few critical places of the world. Due to this there was a major impact which led to the downfall of the airline industry. The crisis initially stared a slowdown in the demand for airlines and as the crisis evolved the demand started to decrease in a rapid manner. British airways completed 90 years of service on 25th August 2009. The origin of British airways could be traced back from the 19th century. Its first ever flight took off on 25th august 1919. Since then British Airways has seen a lot of changes and developments. The first flight operated from London to Paris and it carried only a single passenger and the cargo included newspapers, Devonshire cream and grouse. During the year 1924 many airlines emerged. Out of these four airlines joint hands and formed Imperial Airways limited. They basically provided services to Paris, Brussels, Basle, Cologne and Zurich. In the year 1930 handful of UK air transport companies joint hands to form British Airways Limited which emerged to become the biggest competitor for Imperial Airways. Due to nationalization by the UK government British Airways and Imperial Airways formed British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) in the year 1939. Domestic and Continental flights were operated by another airline, British European Airways. In the year 1972 British airways Board which was established in the year 1960 merged BOAC and BEA which led to the formation of British Airways in the year 1974. Marketing Strategies of British Airways: Marketing is nothing but a mix of Place, Product, Price and promotion. British Airways have based their marketing strategies based on the marketing mix. They have a product strategy, pricing strategy, Promotion strategy. Product Strategy of British Airways: Introduction to product strategy: Product is the main and the key feature of any sector or a company. Place, price, promotion comes along with product. Without a product the other three marketing mixes, place, price, promotion cannot be considered. The main product of British Airways is providing air carriers (flights) to the customers who wish to travel. It provides various services which are intangible. These services become a part of the product which is sold by British Airways. British airways have different types of classes for travelling which are executive class, business class, club class and economy class. The product sold by British Airways has been divided into different product levels. The first being the core product what a customer is purchasing. In the case of British Airways its the flight tickets which are been purchased by a customer. He buys them basically to satisfy his need to travel from one place to the other. The second is the basic product. In the case of British Airways it is the flight. The customers here book the flights to their destinations on the basis of the schedule provided by British Airways. British airways has a very big network and it connects UK to all parts of the world.The British airways flies to 95 different cities in Europe and 60 other destinations throughout the world. It is rated as one of the busiest airline in the world. The third is the expected product by the customer. In the case of British Airways it would be the various products such as complimentary meals, drinks, allocated seats and onboard entertainment and other services. British Airways also provides extra services such as various executive classes. British airways provide gold class, silver class and the blue class. They have different kinds of services to fulfill different kinds of needs of their customers. Pricing strategy of British Airways: Pricing is nothing but a method by which the price or the value of the product is been calculated. Its the amount paid by a customer in order to enjoy the product or service. While setting the price the company needs to keep to basic things in mind. They are quality and the price. If the price is higher than the quality, the company would run under losses. And if the price and quality are balanced then the company would reach its profits soon. British Airways has three different strategies. They are; Premium price strategy: In this kind of strategy the people of higher class in the society are targeted as they can afford such kind of cost. The main customers for this strategy are executive and business class users. They have been given high quality services as they pay a high price. Medium price strategy: In this kind of pricing strategy the medium class of the society is been targeted. Here the quality of services provided is lower than the premium price .in every kind of strategy the quality keeps deteriorating but at a minimum level. This strategy is basically used in order to give competition to various other airlines which provide the same services. Low price strategy: This strategy is basically used to compete with low cost carriers like Raynair. British airways provide low cost fares along with added quality services and its name. People would obviously prefer British airways than the other low coast carriers as they are getting British airways at the same cost along with their name. Considering other competitors British airways revised its pricing policy. The factors determining them are; -Determining the pricing objectives -Acting according to the demand -Cost estimation -comparing competitors prices and costs -selection of a pricing method PROMOTION STRATEGY: British airways have provided various offers during festivals like Christmas. This ticket is generally known as British airways escape ticket. Rates have been slashed to a large extent and also people who travel in silver and gold class have been given free upgrades but only one way of the journey. Domestic flying rates have also been slashed. PROBLEMS FACED BY BRITISH AIRWAYS: -TERRORISM: The attacks on the World Trade Centre in the year 2001 created fear among the travelers and since then the airline industry at a whole faced a huge downfall. Despite all security measures taken in recent times people travelers are not able to regain their confidence. Due to this there is a slight decrease in travel. But in recent years terrorism has been controlled due to which airline industry has picked up in a rapid manner -Oil prices: Increase of crude oil prices created an economic downfall due to which the airline industry was badly hit. British airways being a part of it faced the problems dude to which they had to increase their fares. The increase in fares led to people choosing low cost carriers and thus British Airways lost a lot of business. Volcanic ash: The volcano which erupted in Iceland created lot of disruption in the airspace of UK due to which 4000 flights were cancelled on 15th April 2010. Thos went on for nearly 3 weeks due to which many airlines faced huge losses. British airways were one of them. Strikes: The crew of British airways seems to go on strikes for everything possible. In recent years crew members have resorted to strikes based on salaries and staffing issues. Die to this many flights were cancelled. Low cost carriers took advantage of this and British airways started losing its business and the respect of its brand. People started to prefer other airlines due to the strikes. British airways is losing business due to this. The issue is still not been resolved. Competitors: The different types of marketing strategies used by rival airlines are much more effective due to which British airways is losing its valuable customers. Various competitors like emirates, Virgin Atlantic, Lufthansa are providing travelers with better services than British airways. These problems are general in-flight problems faced by the passengers who are travelling on British airways. These problems are based on the feedback and reviews of the customers -Passengers travelling have complained about the food which is been served to them during the journey -Passengers are complaining about the entertainment provided on the flight -passengers also have complained about the staff and they say that they dont seem to be caring and are only professional. SWOT analysis: Strengths: British airways have purchased a new fleet of aircrafts which are highly equipped with the latest technologies available. Its competitors are still on the way to get changing their inventory. British airways have its main strength in its name. The very name of it marks its respect. Weakness: The marketing strategies of BA arent as good as its competitors. The reason behind this is that BA is using simple and outdated strategies. Whereas its competitors are using intense marketing strategies which are developed by highly skilled market analysts. British airways suffer losses due to number of strikes every year. Opportunities: As British airways provide various services, it has got the potential to score customers in the global market. If they do so then globalization can be their strength instead of their weakness. Threats: the threats of British airways are internal as their decision making is poor. Due to this there is loss in business. British airways have its prime focus on local issues and national issues due to which it fails to see global. Thus globalization is been ignored.

Chivalry in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, The Knight’s Tale, and Mal

The term â€Å"chivalry† refers to one of the most popular medieval social ideals. Indeed, this term has excited the imagination of poets and readers throughout history, and modern cultures continue to revise the chivalric ideals of past ages. However, pinpointing what the term meant within the medieval period is difficult at best. The source of this difficulty lies within the fact that there was never one consistent definition for chivalry. Indeed, the meaning of the word seems to shift between cultures and throughout time. For example, the earliest usage of the word seems to denote only mounted cavalry; however, as time shifts, the word becomes synonymous with certain martial ideals. As the period progresses, the ideal of chivalry encompasses a more total social paradigm, incorporating a wide array of ideals including honor, hospitality, and love. Even this rough outline of chivalry’s history fails to account for the shifting ground that surrounds this t erm. However, regardless of an individual culture or poet’s conception of chivalry, it remained a popular ideal. Indeed, it was most often communicated within the genre of romance, and romance is among the most popular of medieval genres. Often times, these romances not only celebrate the ideal of chivalry but they also examine and critique it. Certainly, the form of the romance offers a perfect vehicle for this exercise. Whereas epic heroes are different from ordinary people by kind, the heroes of romance are different only by degree. While they may be a little stronger, a little smarter, or a little more honorable than the average person, we see within their victories the victories of the culture, and we experience within their failures the failures of the social... ...on seems to point towards the sort of cross-factionalism that the chivalric order demands. When Lancelot destroys him, he is in effect destroying the tie that binds the factions together, and Gawain reacts with rage. When the smoke clears, Gawain and Arthur are dead, and the dream of Camelot is destroyed. The critique here seems to be on humankind more than chivalry, for while chivalry stands as a great ideal, the men and women of Camelot were unable to subordinate their own desires to it. As with Gawain and the Green Knight, the text examines the most perfect example of chivalry that has existed and finds it flawed. In this way, medieval romance walks a delicate path between honoring the chivalric ideals and critiquing their execution. Ultimately, these texts seem to criticize humanity’s inability to live up to the code as often as they do the code itself.

Perversion of Society :: essays research papers

Perversion of Society   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In today’s society a person is shaped by family, friends, and past events, but in Aldous Huxley’s classic novel, Brave New World, there is no such thing as family, history and â€Å"true† friends. The government controls every aspect of an individual from their creation in the hatcheries to their conditioning for their thoughts and careers. In this brave new world the ideas of stability and community reign supreme, and the concept of individualism is foreign and suppressed, â€Å"Everyone belongs to everyone else, after all,† (47). Huxley perverses contemporary morals and concepts in Brave New World, thus distorting the ideas of materialistic pleasures, savagery versus society, and human relationships. These distortions contribute to the effectiveness of Brave New World, consequently creating a novel that leaves the reader questioning how and why.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the year A.F. 632 no pleasure is denied to the populous. Hypnopaedia is used as a device to form the moral education of children. What is taught through this method is not true ethics, but warped actions trained by words. An illustration of this is in the teaching of Elementary Sex to children. The society that Huxley created was one where having sex often and with many people was a positive course of action. Anyone who did not have multiple partners, such as Lenina or Bernard, were considered a blight to society. Society as a whole uses the act of having sex as relief from pain and emotions. A person does not have to lust for someone they merely set up a time and place for them to meet and have sex, and it is completely accepted by everyone. When sex is not enough to relieve a person from pain or loneliness they take soma, a drug that stimulates them into happiness. Unlike the drugs of present day there is no set backs from taking soma, no headaches after use, and after all â€Å"One cubic centimetre cure ten gloomy,† (60). Finally, there is the concept of feelies, movies that you can feel what the actors are doing. These feelies are nothing more than glamorized porn movies giving the participants quick orgasmic feelings without effort. All these materialistic pleasures are used to substitute an individuals basic emotional needs and to give them a false sense of happiness. Huxley used this warped view on what today’s society deems morally right and wrong to reveal how shallow the citizens of the brave new world truly are.

William Blake’s Poetry Demonstrates His Fascination with the ‘Marriage of Opposites’

â€Å"William Blake’s poetry demonstrates his fascination with the ‘marriage of opposites’† William Blake uses a diversity of techniques to demonstrate his interest in the ‘marriage of opposites’. Opposite is defined as one that is contrary to another. Innocence is frequently associated with youth and childhood as it is the sincere beauty of life. Those who are innocent are unaware of sexuality or the wickedness of this world to which they are helpless against. Whereas experience is the fights and commotion by something innovative which leads to a new understanding.It is a collection of lessons that a person goes through during their lifetime. The contrast between innocence and experience is portrayed in Blake’s poems Infant Joy, Infant Sorrow and The Chimney Sweeper (innocence), The Chimney Sweeper (experience) through the use of metaphors, symbolism, imagery, juxtaposition, emotive language, repetition, alliteration and assonance. This essay will examine the notions of innocence and experience through references to the poetic techniques applied in the poems. Infant Joy is one of the poems by Blake which falls in the Songs of Innocence.What is the difference between a figurative and a literal analogy?Notions of innocence are depicted in the poem through the way Blake has used language which resembles that of a child. The idea of innocence is also portray by the joyous and happy tone used throughout the poem. The child, who is the persona, verbalizes as if it is so grateful to be alive. This is also shown through the use of poetic techniques such as repetition. The reappearance of the words â€Å"sweet joy† gives a positive disposition as both represent happiness. The use of imagery is also evident when he writes â€Å"pretty joy! It provides us the visual of a very adorable baby and allows us to envision a newborn child, so naive and unaware of the dangers of this world. The technique Blake has used in str ucturing the poem sets it out in resemblance to a lullaby. The short sentences, simple words and optimistic language add to the notion of innocence as infancy and innocence are often associated with one another. Words such as: happy, sweet, joy, pretty, smile and sing, carry positive connotations and in using these within the poem, Blake has created a theme of cheerfulness and purity.Blake uses similar techniques in The Chimney Sweeper (innocence) as he did in Infant Joy to portray the notions of innocence. He has once again used a child persona and simple language to identity the inexperience and purity in the poem. Poetic techniques such as symbolism, repetition, visual and aural imagery are used to assist in creating this theme of infancy and ingenuousness. There are many uses of symbolism throughout the poem. â€Å"And by came an Angel who had a bright key, and he opened the coffins and set them all free. † This line holds two example of symbolism.One being the bright key which symbolises freedom and hope for the chimney sweepers, the other being the coffins which represent their death and the actual chimney that the children would have usually died in. Repetition is seen in the line â€Å"could scarcely cry ‘Weep! Weep! Weep! Weep! ’† The use of repetition here emphasizes the youth of the child when its parents had sold them and also speaks for all the other chimney sweepers who had to be sold at a young age. The use of visual and aural imagery in the line â€Å"then down a green plain, leaping, laughing they run, and wash in a river and shine in the Sun. identifies the happiness of the children as they have been set free from their chimneys. You can visual the children soaring and giggling across the green plain on a bright sunny day and see the big smiles on their faces as well as hear them laughing. The use of words such as: young and little create the theme of innocence in the poem. As William Blake is fascinated in the mar riage of opposites, all of his songs of innocence partner with a song of experience. Infant Sorrow contrasts to Infant Joy as it holds negative connotations. This is done by setting a lost, hopeless, depressing and despairing tone.This tone is created by poetic techniques such as visual and aural imagery, simile, and figurative language. Visual and aural imagery can be identified when the child is explaining how it was brought into the world. â€Å"piping loud† gives us a glimpse of what it was like when this happened and what an awful experience it was for the baby. A simile is used in the line â€Å"like a fiend hid in a cloud†. This is also the use of figurative language as the child is not literally like a demon in the cloud however it is implying that it feels that way.The child senses that its parents are not very supportive of it being brought into the world and the child feels as though it is alone and will have to get by on its own without the love, support an d comfort of its parents. That is why it has chosen to say it is like a fiend hid in a cloud because it feels out of place and on its own. The diction used in this poem demonstrates that it is a song of experience as it uses words such as: groaned, wept, dangerous, helpless, fiend and struggling.These words give negative connotations and therefore add to the theme of hopelessness and desperation. The Chimney Sweeper (experience) uses similar techniques as Infant Sorrow to depict the notions of experience. Blake has set a resentful and bitter tone through the child persona as we hear about the child condemning its parents for their actions. Poetic techniques such as juxtaposition, metaphor and aural imagery are used to enhance these themes. â€Å"A little black thing among the snow† is the use of juxtaposition as it is contrasting ‘black’ and ‘snow’.It is suggesting that the child is the little black thing as it is covered in soot from the chimneys, a nd is lying on the white snow. The theme of this poem is also portrayed when the child says â€Å"crying weep, weep, in notes of woe† this is an example of aural imagery as we can hear the child weeping. A metaphor is used in the line â€Å"who make up a heaven of our misery†. The child is conveying how its parents make up the heaven of our misery, implying that they are the heaven of our misery. This metaphor holds negative connotations as the child expresses how his parents are guilty of putting him in this misery.The child’s parents act as if they are religious people when they would happily condemn their innocent child to this life. When analyzing the diction used in the poem, words such as: crying, weep, death, injury and misery can be found which demonstrates negative connotations. In conclusion, William Blake’s fascination with the marriage of opposites is clearly established in his poetry. The contrast between innocence and experience is clear in his songs of innocence and songs of experience as innocence is associated with youth and purity and experience is linked to sadness and despair.